Streamline submarine passenger liner



Nov. 11, 1958 w. E. ENDREZZE 2,359,721

STREAMLINE SUBMARINE PASSENGER LINER Filed May 13, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

w. E. ENDREZZE 2,859,721

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Mgy 1 3, 1954 INVENTOR.

w. E. ENDREzzE STREAMLINE SUBMARINE PASSENGER LINER Nov. 11, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed may 13, 1954 INVENTOR.

Nov. 11., 1958 w. E. ENDREiZE STREAMLINE SUBMARINE: PASSENGER LINER 1 Filed May 13, 1954 INVENTOE. 3

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'tower structure below the deck of thesubmarine.

United States Patent i 2,859,721 STREAMLINE SUBMARlNE PASSENGER LINER- William Eugene Endrezze, Long Beach, Calif. 7 Application May 13, 1954, Serial No. 429,629 8 Claims. 01. 114- 16 The present invention relates in particular to the field of submarines, with particular reference to the exterior hull design of the submarine in fitting facilities for the interior hull structure provided for thepurpose of navigation, and passenger accommodation.

It has been the universal practice to design submarines with structures as the ship type bow and prow, round bows, wedge shaped bows, and in some manner or another provide the hulls with a projecting structure to serve as a bridge or conning tower for the nayigators accommodation.

I have provided a radical departure in the frontal design of the submarine with my conic-type-bow, adapting the submarine in its exterior design to high speed when traveling submerged. I haveeliminated the projecting bridge and conning tower for navigation as a structure not at all necessary, in addition to it being a hazard and a hindrance to the submarine when traveling at high speed of some 70 to 110 knots perhour. By so doing I provide the purpose' and use of the bridge and conning For identification purposes the top deck of the submarine now forms the roof of the submarine.

There has been no constructive thought upon the sub marine as a high speed passenger liner for under water travel, atsuch speeds of 70 to 110 knots per hour.

For speed and maneuverability of the submarine when traveling submerged the exterior design of the submarine, its front, sides, top and bottom is of very great importance and must be in harmony with the purpose of the planes and the rudder by reason of the Water flow effect acting upon the submarine at high speed.

Faulty top design will depress the submarine against the effect of the planes. Faulty bottom design will elevate the submarine against the effect of the planes. Faulty design in the sides of the submarine will act against the steering effect of the rudder. The frontal design of the submarinemust be in harmony with thetplanes, rudder,

top, bottom, and sides for quick response inthe control of the submarine. i v l I have provided a submarine gracefulin appearance whose exterior design forspeed is in full harmony with the purpose and effect of the planes and rudder.

The prime object of this invention is in the exterior design of the hull, structure, location, navigation and passenger accommodation within the. hull of the submarine. I have provided an exterior hull in graceful sweep from bow to stern, and have provided the navigation room in the upper fore part directly under-the deck of the submarine, and which is well provided with clear view windows that surrounds the upper fore part of the submarine above the water line.

Another object of this invention is to provide a structure in passenger accommodation within the hull directly under the top deck in longitudinal extension towards the rear of the submarine, and which is well provided with view windows for the passengers. These windows may well be along the sides of the hull directly below the 2,859,121 Patented Nov. 11, 1958 top deck, or along the sides of the hull and extending well up into the top deck for side and upward view thereby.

A still further object of this invention is the hull extension in clean symmetrical sweep from the navigation Window to the stern end of the submarine, or from the end passenger window to the stem end of the submarine, according to the type of service passenger, cargo, or passenger and cargo to which the submarine is provided.

A still further object of this invention is to provide when necessary a means for frontal steering of the submarine to act along with the stern rudder in the elimination of side drift by the submarine when the stern rudder is put over to make a turn. The means are forward rudders well located above the top deck of the submarine, and below the keel of the submarine. They may be fixed in operating position or retractable within a pocket provided upon the submarine, as required.'

The submarine of my invention can be made as luxurious as any surface traveling passenger liner, except for size; and for comfort and speed in ocean traveling it can by far surpass any surface vessel by traveling submerged.

The novel features which I consider as characteristics for my invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction, design and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments, when read in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

, Figure 1 is a longitudinal side view of a front portion of the submarine, with a starboard cutaway portion thereon to expose the port side-of the passenger and navigators quarters within, and which also illustrates the window location and arrangement circling the upper fore part of the submarine for the navigator, and continuing directly under the top deck towards the rear for the passengers. The windows are upon the curvature por tion of the hull.

' Figure 2 shows a top plan view of the submarine in a form wherein the side windows extend well up the side of the hull on to the top deck for view out the side and upwards.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal side view of the submarine streamline hull from bow to stern.

Figure 4 is an angled longitudinal side view of the submarine wherein the windows are directly beneath the top deck along the sides of the submarine hull. These windows serving the passenger compartments are in extension towards the rear in keeping with the passenger accommodation within.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal side view of the upper portion of the submarine embodying the particular external features in location and hull design.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal side view of the submarine,

: illustrating the application of my invention for frontal steering of the submarine by means of forward rudders positioned upon the top deck, and below the keel of the submarine.

. Figure 7 is a top plan view of a broad deck submarine illustrating the divided method and arrangement for passenger passages and flooding compartment as indicated by the dotted lines.

Figure 8 illustrates the frontal steering rudders of the submarine in simple form and hydraulic operated. It is portion of the hull is broken away to show the stairway, and subdeck.

Figure 10 is an enlarged longitudinal top view of the front portion of the submarine shown in Figure 7. A portion of the top .deck is broken away to show the paralleling passageways.

Figure 11 is an enlarged longitudinal top view of the front portion of the submarine in Figure 2, to show the stairway hatch, and with portions of the hull broken away to show the single passageway and stairway floor.

Figure 12 is an enlarged longitudinal side view of one of the windows shown in Figure 1.

Figure 13 is a longitudinal edge view of the window shown in Figure 12.

A very important feature in my invention is the stream.- line design of the submarine exterior hull 1, from end to end as shown in the Figures 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, with Figure 1 shown in enlarged view of the front portion of the submarine. The exterior hull encases the inner hull 2 of the submarine which is partially shown in the cut-away portion of Figure 1. A space is provided between the hulls which forms the flooding compartment 3 by which a desired balance in buoyancy of the submarine is maintained through the effect of water entering through the flood gates 4 spaced in extension alon the exterior hull for flooding the compartment 3. This flooding space is provided in extension for flooding allowable areas surrounding the passenger compartment 5 and the navigation compartment 6 and all other compartments necessary to get the proper balance between buoyancy and sinking of the submarine with its cargo. It is evident in that to submerge the submarine a fixed ratio of weight to buoyancy-must be achieved in view of the passenger space 5- andnaviga'tors space 6 built into the submarine. This can be provided for in the construction of the submarine so that the submarine will properly respond to the effect of the bow planes 7 and the stern planes 8.

Thesubmarine hull 1 at its bow section 9 forms a conic-type-bow. This exterior hull 1 in continuation. from the conic-bow-section 9 is provided with a mid-section 10 in clearsymmetrical sweep towards the end of the hull' terminating in a somewhat rounded stern 11 of the submarine. The lines thereby forming a streamline hull whose top 12, bottom 13, and sides 14 in design, nowhere conflict with the purpose and effect of the planes 7, 8, and the stern rudder 15 due to the slip stream of water acting along and against the surface of the submarine hull. It should be noticed that the bow end is somewhat roundedfor heading into the body of fluid through which the submarine is passing, and'serves an important purpose to counter external directional influence. The somewhat rounded stern end 11 of the hull is in an arc of small radii blending into the curvature of the stern portion to serve a very important purpose towards restricting the cross current spread that forms a broad wake trailing the submarine.

The roof of the submarine which forms the top deck,

12' defines ahull portion in higher elevation rising from the conic-bow-section 9 to provide for the window space 26 for-navigation. The major longitudinal'portion of the exterior hull 1 extending rearwardly from the conic-bowsection 9defines an exterior shell of substantially cylindrical shape, that blends into-thestern portion extending rearwardly and inwardly curving to the stern- 11 that terminates in, a somewhat rounded end. The sides 14. ex-

tending from the windows 26, and 31 to the topzdeck 12 turn. The bow 16' of the submarine heading, into the.

. the pilot in navigation when surfaced. Ample space iswater through which it is passing is likewise being acted upon by the head water. As the stern 17 of the submarine swings over to the outside, the bow 16 of the submarine is also forced over in the same direction as the stern but to a lesser degree, producing an outwardly drift or side slip off course by the submarine. To correct this effect to a considerable degree, I have provided a frontal steering device that connects at 18 to a pair of hydraulic cylinders h operatively provided to steer the submarine by means of a deck rudder 19, and a keel rudder 20. The front deck rudder, and front keel rudder providing the means by which the bow 16 of the submarine is forced to the inside, as the stern 17 of the submarine swings to the outside. By this means the submarine will respond more effectively to the proper course desired by the navigation pilot when traveling at high speed. With the submarine traveling at slow speed upon entering a harbor the frontal steering rudders 19, 20, are all that is necessary and. much more effective than by the stern rudder 15. The rudders 19, 20, are well located above the top deck, 12 and below the keel 13, and is connected in operating engagement with. the accepted hydraulic mechanism h (forming no part of this application) by the extension shaft 21 of the socket sleeve 22. A preferred form of rudder is shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, where the rudder blades 19,. 20 are formed at the shaft hinge to turn in a semicircle recess 23 of the streamline rudder pivot supporting bracket 24 and pin hinged at 25.

Referring now to Figures 1 and 5, the upper portion of the. submarine embodying the particular features of this invention above the'water line of the submarine. It will be seen that the, deck 12. from the navigators window 26 is in clear sweep to the stern 11 of the submarine, as is also shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7. These navigator windows 26- are provided in a semi-circle around the upper portion of the bowsection 9 and directly under the deck 12. thereby providing a clear and unobstructed view for provided in the navigation room 6 for instrument panels 27 and operating mechanism necessary to pilot the submarine. A metal walled passage 28 represented in dotted lines leads to the rear to the entry and exit hatch 29 which is located upon the top deck 12. This passage 28 may also serve to connect with hatches to go below. For passenger service and passenger accommodation longitudinal spaced hollow partitions forming staterooms are provided at each side of the submarine along an extended passage 28 or metal walled branch passage 28a represented in dotted lines. The divided passage serving on both sides of an enlarged hollow partition forming a center flooding compartment 30 outlined by the dotted lines that show the flooding compartment in longitudinal position extending along the upper portion of the submarine which is best seen in Figure 7.

A, broad crowned submarine would require a broad flooding compartment extending lengthwise between the staterooms, while a narrow crowned submarine would serve with a single passage for the staterooms on both sides. The staterooms are amply provided with side windows 31 as seen in Figures 1,2, 3, 4 and 5 or side and skylight windows 32'as in Figure 2 for the passenger seating. Thesewindows 31', 32 extending from the navigation windows to the rear as far as is necessary upon the submarine. Restrooms, bunkers and galleys are provided at any suitable location along the passenger passage 28, 28a or as at 33.

Figures, 1, 6 and 7'represents broadcrowned submarine top decks, while Figures 2, 3 and 4 represents narrow crowned submarine top decks; It will be noted from the foregoing description the type of crown applied to the submarine will govern the passenger passage arrangement.

As shown in. Figure, 7, upon the main top-deck 12 there is, a watertight passenger entry and exit hatch 29 provided. with a.. s.tair.way. 36: leading directly. onto the subdeck 35, and by which the passengers may communicate between the decks 12 and 35 when the submarine is surfaced in calm sea or entering a harbor. The hatch 29 is provided with the hatch cover door 34 to make it Watertight for the passenger compartment 5 and navigation compartment 6 that are provided upon the sub-deck 35 beneath the hatch.

The subdeck 35 is defined as a lateral floor extending longitudinally in division of the upper portion of the submarine hull immediately beneath the top-deck 12. It provides for the layout of the floor plan in division of the floor area upon which the various longitudinally spaced hollow partitions 30 for the passenger compartments 5 and the navigation compartments 6 are constructed.

A similar watertight passenger exit hatch 29 is shown in Figure 1 provided upon the port side of the submarine. It provides an exit and entry hatch leading directly onto the subdeck 35 in connection with the passenger passage 28 and 28a which leads to the rear, serving the passenger compartments 5 structurally provided upon the subdeck 35, while that part of the passage 28 leading forward serves the navigation compartment 6 structurally provided upon the subdeck 35 in the forepart of the submarine. The hatch 29a is slightly above the water line of the submarine when surfaced at the dock, andprovides for dock-loading and unloading of the passengers and submarine crew.

One or more stair flight floors 37 each of said floors being a one stair flight onto the next floor and which may also be structurally provided within the forepart of the navigation compartment ,6to suitably provide in compensation for the submarine structure and head room due to the downwardly curvature of the bow portion at 16. Figure 1 illustrates a two stair flight floor, with the first stair flight forming the first lap of the floor indicated at 37.

The passage 28 and 28a may lead to the rear along the passenger compartment 5 to the oxygen supply bottles 39 directly connected for distribution to the passenger compartments from the watertight oxygen bottle receiving tank 38 as seen in Figure 7. The oxygen bottles 39 are inserted into the specially provided passenger service tank 38 through the main deck 12 to provide a corn venient position for fast exchange of the empty oxygen bottles in reloading of the tank 38 extending down from the main deck. The watertight tank 38 is provided with the tank cover 39' to make watertight the tank and oxygen bottles beneath as seen in Figure 2.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A submarine vessel for passenger transportation, said submarine vessel comprising a normally horizontally disposed elongated generally cylindrical streamlined hull, said hull having substantially conical bow and stern portion, the upper outer surface of said hull forming a top deck, a subdeck within said hull extending from bow to stern and parallel to and disposed above the longitudinal axis of said hull, passenger and navigation compartments disposed on said subdeck, said passenger compartments being rearwardly of said navigation compartment and said navigation compartment being disposed at the fore part of said subdeck, said top deck having a hatch disposed therein for entry and exit and opening into said passenger compartment, a hatch cover door normally sealingly closing said hatch, a stairway having a lower Ian-ding extending from said hatch down into said passenger compartment, a passageway connecting said lower landing and said navigation compartment, said navigation compartment having watertight windows in the upper forward wall portion thereof adapted for navigational purposes.

2. A submarine vessel for passenger transportation, said submarine vessel comprising a normally horizontally disposed elongated generally cylindrical streamlined hull, said hull having substantially conical bow and stern portions, the upper outer surface of said hull forming a top deck, a subdeck within said hull extending from bow to stern and parallel to and disposed above the longitudinal axis of said hull, passenger and navigation accommodation compartments disposed on said subdeck, said passenger accommodation compartments being disposed rearwardly of said navigation accommodation compartments and being longitudinally spaced at each side of said subdeck extending towards the stern of said hull, said top deck having a hatch disposed therein for entry and exit and opening into said passenger accommodation compartment, a hatch cover door normally sealingly closing said hatch, a stairway having a lower landing extending from said hatch down into said passenger accommodation compartment, a passenger connecting said lower landing and said passenger accommodation compartments disposed to either side of said passageway, said passenger accommodation compartments having watertight windows in the upper side wall portion of said hull adapted for passenger purposes.

3. A submarine vessel for passenger transportation, said submarine vessel comprising a'normally horizontally disposed elongated generally cylindrical streamlined hull, said hull having substantially conical bow and stern portions, the upper outer surface of said hull forming a top deck, a subdeck within said hull extending from bow to stern and parallel to and disposed above the longitudinal axis of said hull, passenger and navigation compartments disposed on said subdeck, said passenger compartment being rearwardly of said navigation compartment and said navigation compartment being disposed at the fore part of said subdeck, said top deck having a hatch disposed therein for entry and exit and opening into said passenger compartment, a hatch cover door normally sealingly closing said hatch, a stairway having a lower landing extending from said hatch down into said passenger compartment, a pair of laterally spaced branching passageways longitudinally extending in parallel relation towards the stern of said hull and connecting said landing and said passenger compartments disposed to one side of each of said passageways, said passenger compartments having longitudinally spaced watertight windows disposed in the upper side wall portion of said hull adapted for passenger purposes.

4. A submarine vessel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the application of said paralleling passageways longitudinally separated throughout their length and elevationally above said subdeck includes, a center flooding compartment therebetween serving in the structural application of the submarine for submergence, and a plurality of longitudinally spaced flood gates positioned in horizontal alignment through the sides of the outer shell of said hull through which water. is admitted in elevationally flooding of said center flooding compartment in the balance of the submarine when submerged.

5. A submarine vessel for passenger and cargo transportation, said submarine vessel comprising a normally horizontally disposed elongated generally cylindrical streamlined hull, said hull having substantially conical bow and stern portions, the upper outer surface of said hull forming a top deck, the mid-portion of said hull defines a cylindrical hull whose sides, top and bottom are in parallel longitudinally, one end of said mid-portion at the bottom and sides blending into a conical bow portion the top deck of said mid-portion disposed in slightly higher elevation above the top surface of said conical bow portion, a transversely disposed and navigation window uniting said top deck with the top surface of said conical bow portion, and having the crowned sides of said hull in lateral curvature blending in with the top surface of said top deck, said mid-portion at its opposite end blending into a rearwardly extending and inwardly curving stern portion of greatly reducing diameter that terminates in a rounded stern end, said conical bow portion forward of said navigation window defines the longi tudinal surface from any point around the circumference of said conical bow portion being forwardly extending and inwardly curving in greatly reducing diameter to the bow end that terminates in arounded fore end.

61A submarine vessel -forpassenger transportation, said submarine vessel comprising a normally horizontally disposed elongated generally cylindrical streamlined hull, said hull having substantially conical bow and stern portions, the upper outer surfaces of said hull forming a top deck, longitudinally positioned in horizontal alignment through the sides of said hull are provided a plurality of longitudinally spaced window spaces of substantially rectangular shape openings, said openings communicating with the interior of said hull adjacent said top deck, a plurality of transparent windows of substantially rectangular shape fitted for said openings, one of said transparent windows in each of said openings and connected in watertight condition therewith whereby light admitted at each window is received by the passengers accommodatively providedupon said subdecks.

7. A submarine system for cargo and passenger transportation service as claimed in claim 6 wherein the application of said longitudinally spaced transparent windo-ws in horizontal alignment along the sides of said hull includes; elevationally extending said transparent windows in lateral curvature with the sides of said hull well onto said top deck, for upward and sightseeing purposes.

8. A submarine vessel for'passenger transportation, said submarine vessel comprising a normally horizontally disposed elongated generally cylindrical streamlined hull, said hull having substantially conical bow and stern portions, the upper outer surface of said hull forming a 7 top deck, a subdeck within said hull extending from how to stern and parallel to and disposed above the longi tudinal axis of said hull, passenger and navigation compartments disposed on said subdeck, said passenger compartment being rearwardly of said navigation compartment and said navigation compartment being disposed at the fore part of said subdeck, a passageway longitudinally connecting said passenger and navigation compartments therewith an elongate vertically positioned side door entry and exit hatch, said side door hatch disposed in the upper side wall portion of said hull and opening directly upon said subdeck for the passengers and crew loading and unloading of the submarine when docked, and a side door for said hatch, said side door normally sealingly closing said hatch flush fitting with the exterior side surface in lateral curvature of said hull,

References Citedin the file of this patent UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 817,130 Naletofl Apr. 3, 1906 926,007 Lake et al June 22, 1909 1,250,178 Hover Dec. 18, 1917 1,355,256 Pearson et al Oct. 12, 1920 1,647,866 Hozlac Nov. 1, 1927 1,971,102 Barraja-Frauenfelder et al., Aug. 21, 1934 2,141,181 Geddes Dec. 27, 1938 2,363,335 Katcher et al Nov. 21, 1944 2,595,192 Garby Apr. 29, 1952 2,685,858 Harrison Aug. 10, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 497,046 Germany Aug. 24, 1927 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 2,859,721 November 11, 1958 William Eugene Endrezze It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 6, line 15, for "passenger" read passageway Signed and sealed this 12th day of May 1959.

(SEAL) Attest:

KARL H. AXLINE Attesting Oflicer ROBERT C. WATSON Commissioner of Patents 

